Interceptor transformer



March 27, 1956 J. R. WIEGAND INTERCEPTOR TRANSFORMER Filed Jan. 21, 1953 //v/=ur //v PRIMARY INVENTOR. Jofm R. VV/e an 6/ BY ATTORNEY PR/MARY United States Patent INTERCEPTQR TRANSFORMER John R. Wiegand, Elmont, N. Y. Application January 21, 1953, Serial No. 332,357 Claims. (Cl. 336-212) This invention relates to new and useful in transformers.

More particularly, the present invention proposes the construction of an improved transformer which can perform the work of a saw-tooth-wave generator where large amounts of alternating current power are needed and in applications in which sinusoidal wave form is desired.

Another object of the present invention proposes forming an interceptor transformer which is particularly useful in the production of low-power alternating voltages of saw-tooth form and which will have a great advantage over thyratrons commonly used in such work.

Still further, the present invention proposes constructing a transformer with a core having a very short charge and discharge time of magnetism and which can be used to increase the amplitude of oscillation by the use of inductance in series with a condenser.

As a further object, the. present invention proposes arranging the transformer so that a different frequency can be obtained by only a slight change of construction.

Still another object of the present invention proposes an interceptor transformer construction wherein many transformers can be joined together with the secondaries of all transformers on the same line and each out of phase with all others except one so as to join pairs of transformers in the line and get double the normal effect.

The present invention further proposes a novel transformer construction which can be used as a different frequency generator by coupling the secondary of the coil with a condenser.

For further comprehension of the invention and of the objects and advantages thereof, reference will be had to the following description and accompanying drawings, and to the appended claims in which the various novel features of the invention are more particularly set forth.

.In the accompanying drawings forming a material part of this disclosure:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the transformer of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a view illustrating by wave forms the different frequencies capable of being effected by slight changes in construction.

Fig. 3 is a view illustrating by wave forms the patterns adapted to be effected by joining various transformers.

Fig. 4 is a view illustrating by wave forms the patterns produced by coupling a transformer of the present invention with a condenser.

The interceptor transformer of the present invention is diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 1. It has a primary coil 15 consisting of a number of turns of insulated copper wire or similar material adapted to be energized from a source of alternating current and a secondary coil 16 with turns of like material.

Two cores 17 and 18 pass through the coils 15 and 16 at a 45 degree angle, or substantially so, and are crossed at right angles to each other, or substantially at right angles. This crossing is indicated by the referimprovements 2,740,096 Patented Mar. 27, 1956 once number 19. Cores 17 and 18 are independent and individual cores locked into each other inside and outside the coils 15 ad 16. The cores link the coils magnetically.

Cores 17 and 18 each preferably are made of a bundle or plurality of strands of thin magnetic material such as soft iron wire to form a laminated magnetic circuit and prevent eddy currents as well as to insure quick magnetization. it has been found that No. 40 wire (.007) in two independent magnetically balanced cores and coils around 5000 turns of wire provide a satisfactory combination.

In addition to stepping up (increasing) or stepping down (decreasing) A. C. voltage, the new generator has the ability to perform the work of a saw-tooth-wave generator Where large amounts of alternating current power are needed in applications in which sinusoidal wave form is desirable The transformer is particularly useful in producing very low voltages of saw-tootli form.

The arrangement of cores 17 and 18 above described results in a very short charge and discharge time of magnetism in the cores clue to a cohering action between the cores which breaks down at the crest of the secondary wave. The pattern of the wave form for the primary coil 15 is shown to the left of the coil 15 in Fig. l and the form for the secondary coil 16 is shown to the right of coil 16 in Fig. 1.

Another feature of the transformer is that a number of such transformers may be used together since it is possible to adopt a different frequency by only slight changes in the construction; i. e. (a) by varying the diameter of the core wire in cores 17 and 18, (b) by varying the diameter of the core wire in either core 17 or 18, or (c) by varying voltage per turn on primary coil 15 or secondary coil 16.

As indicated in the diagram in Fig. 2, the distance A'B' varies with phase and can be controlled through the construction of the transformer. Thus it is possible to construct many transformers with each secondary being out of phase with all others except one so that its voltage can be conducted on the same line without interfering with any of the others until it reaches the transformer with the same frequency phase.

For example, in an interceptor transformer having windings of N turns where N=42OO (ratio 1:1) with A. C. voltage registering llO volts in the primary (the core wire being No. 4-0) the secondary would equal the pattern first shown in Fig. 3. Assuming this pattern feeds a frequency of 700 cycles, this transformer would only be in line with exactly the same transformer. Another transformer with windings of N :5000 (ratio 1:1), volt A. C. in primary and also core Wire No. 40 would have its secondary equal to the lower pattern shown in Fig. 3. This transformer with the pattern B feeds a frequency of 500 cycles and can also be in line with another of identical construction. But A and B frequency can never be in line together. In this manner various two transformers may be joined to get double the effect and can be on the same line without interfering with each other.

Another use of the transformer, as a different frequency generator, is illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 4. The secondary coil 16 is coupled with a condenser 20 and the frequency resultin is fed from 110 volt A. C. 60 cycles in the primary 1%. Although the construction of the transformer and the capacity of the condenser must match closeiy, a frequency of between 60 to 2,000 cycles at any voltage can be drawn, the wattage depending on the size of the transformer and condenser. The example indicated in Fig. 4 shows a 60 cycle input in the primary 15 of the new interceptor transformer being turned into a cycle output.

The effect present in thin Wire of magnetic material such as indicated in Fig. l is generally known as the Barkhausen effect. Barkhausen proved that magnetization does not proceed in uniform and continuous form but takes place in a series of small discrete steps or jerks. It has been found that the efiect in the interceptor transformer of this invention above described is dependent to a large degree on the voltage per turn in the primary coil and the amount of strands of wire in its magnetic core.

Apparently in No. 40 iron wire when a coil with a current of .003 volt per turn is used, only a particular group of molecules are in action and when another coil with a current of .005 volt per turn is used still another group of molecules are in action. The interceptor transformer can be made to use countless such groups of molecules. To test this, place coil 21 (Fig. l) at right angles to coil 15 in a standard 400 ohm transformer 22 and connected to a battery 23, as shown in Fig. l to the coil 21 and the transformer. Where battery 23 has twenty two volts, every time ,in a cycle the current is twenty two volts in primary 15, a large cycle of current is created at the output 24.

Since in one cycle of alternating current there are four points where the current is twenty two volts, the output at 24 is in the form of double the frequency as in the primary. it is believed that conventional transformers use only a small fraction of their magnetic core doing work with only one group of molecules. Where many more groups are used as in my interceptor transformer, a corresponding reduction in weight of the iron core is possible.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred embodiments of my invention, it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise constructions herein disclosed and the right is reserved to all changes and modifications coming within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent 1. A transformer comprising a primary coil and a secondary coil with two cores each of magnetic material each core passing through each coil at a 45 degree angle and crossed at right angles, said cores being independent and the individual cores being locked into each other inside and outside the coils.

2. A transformer comprising a primary coil and secondary coil with two cores each of thin wire magnetic material each core passing through each coil at a 45 degree angle and crossed at right angles to each other, said cores being independent and the individual cores being locked into each other inside and outside the coils.

3. A transformer comprising a primary coil and secondary coil with two cores each of thin wire magnetic material each core passing through each coil at a 45 degree angle and crossed at right angles to each other, said cores being independent and the individual cores being locked into each other inside and outside the coils, each of said cores having the right amount of wire relative to the coils to get the maximum efiiciency and being magnetically balanced.

4. A transformer comprising a primary coil and a secondary coil with two cores crossed at 90 degree angles to each other and each core passing through each coil at a 45 degree angle, said cores being a plurality of strands of wire of magnetic material with one core having wires of difierent diameter than the other core, the two cores being independent and the individual cores being magnetically balanced and being locked into each other inside and outside the coils.

5. A transformer comprising a primary coil and secondary coil with two cores, said cores each being a bundle of continuous strands of wire of magnetic material, said cores being crossed substantially at right angles to each other and each core passing through each coil at substantially a 45 degree angle.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,334,126 Alexanderson Mar. 16, 1920 2,479,656 Wiegand Aug. 23, 1949 2,623,205 McCreary Dec. 23, 1952 

